Biaxial tensile testing of paintings on canvas

Abstract

This paper concentrates on the practical application of biaxial testing of canvas as the first step in gaining further insight into the mechanical properties of the complex composite structure of a canvas painting. Existing testing instruments and testing methods, directly relevant to canvas painting conservation, are reviewed. The design and implementation of a biaxial tensile tester specifically for a new research initiative in painting conservation is described, together with experimental results for raw linen canvas under uniaxial and biaxial loading. The long-term aim of this research is to aid conservators in the selection and development of conservation treatments and methodologies.